Energy classification from source to end use. Energy resources: conventional/non-conventional and renewable/nonrenewable.Energy conversion systems: steam and gas turbine plants, combined systems, co-generation, nuclear power plants. Energy storage: mechanical, hydraulic, compressed air, thermal, and chemical approaches. Recovery of stored energy and exchangers. Waste heat recovery systems: recuperative and regenerative exchangers, fluidized beds, heatpumps.

Governing equations of motion for a viscous fluid – The dimensionless Navier-Stokes equations -Approximate solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations – The laminar boundary layer and exact solution -for steady and unstead flows in 2D motion – Transition and origin of turbulence – The turbulent boundary layers along flat plate – pipe and rectangular channel – Approximate solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations – Flow measurements and measuring techniques – Boundary layer control

Thermo-fluid dynamics aspects and efficiencies of turbomachines. Two dimensional cascades: turbine and compressor cascade correlations and performance. Axial flow turbines (two-dimensional analysis), axial flow compressors and fans (two-dimensional analysis), centrifugal compressors and fans, radial flow turbines, and design fundamentals of turbomachines under three-dimensional considerations. Turbojets and turbopumps: design considerations and performance analysis. Turbomachinery testing and instrumentation; computational fluid dynamics; CFD simulating turbomachinery performance

Thermodynamic laws, enthrall, entropy, temperature vs entropy diagrams. Equations of state, property relations, properties of homogeneous mixtures. Energy analysis. Thermodynamics of irreversible processes. Optimisation applied to power generation, refrigeration cycles, and thermodynamic design of system components. Fundamentals of statistical thermodynamics. Thermal design of equipment and systems.Numerical solutions techniques to thermodynamic problems

Three dimensional heat transfer. Analytical and numerical methods. Graphical methods. Transient heat transfer inmulti -dimensions. Thermal radiation between black and non black surfaces. Thermal radiation between gases and enclosures. Combined convection and Radiation heat transfer. Condensation heat transfer phenomena. Boiling heat transfer. Heat pipes. Special topics assigned to students

– Properties of gases versus altitude,- Equations of motion for viscous fluids,- Boundary layer approximation,- Flow instabilities and laminat-to-turbulent transition,- Boundary layer concept and flow separation,- Aerodynamic characteristics of bluff body, and airfoils,- Aerodynamic forces and moments,- Potential flow theory,- Directional stability- Flow control- Wind tunnel testing and measuring techniques

Motivations for new materials for energy applications (higher efficiency, reduced costs – enhanced life times – lighter weights – reduced emissions – improved transmission, distribution and storage).Advanced materials for fossil fuel power plants – advanced materials for gas turbines and wind turbines – carbon capture transport and storage materials – advanced materials for hydrogen storage and transportation materials – materials for photovoltaics – materials for solar cells – materials for fuel cells – improved life management and reliability of materials. The course will be supported by necessary background in respective areas to cover needed basics in materials related topics.Fundamentals of materials for fusion and fission power plants.

Stress and Strain concepts and relations- transformations of stress and strain – plane stresses – applications of finite element method – yield criteria – applications on yield criteria.

Strategy of experimentation, simple comparative experiments, ANOVA, randomised complete block design (RCBD), factorial design, 2k factorial design, fractional factorial,fitting regression models, response surface methods, application of 3D measurements,techniques for measuring flow rate, temperature, pressure…etc.

Finite element formulation of: Beams, Frames, and laminae,Layers of Composite Materials, Materials with Non-Linear Behaviour, Plastic Deformation, Contact problems,and Dynamic Analysis

The syllabus will include the governing equations of fluid dynamics and presentation of forms particularly suitable to CFD: continuity, momentum and energy equations. Finite difference method: difference equations and stability analysis; finite volume method approach and stability. The course will include also instruction in the use of the commercial CFD package CFX, to construct models, solve the fluid flow fields and analyse the results. The analyses considered will include the entrance length problem for laminar and turbulent flows, turbulent flow through an abrupt enlargement, laminar flow through a nozzle and turbulent flow around a circular cylinder. Experimental studies of flows around objects will also be undertaken for comparison with the CFD predictions.

-Introduction to photovoltaics: what are solar cells, present and future global issues/drivers,commercialisation/economic factors, basic components of PV systems, the solar spectrum:  terrestrial and space spectra; air mass (AM0, M1.5)

-Introduction to 1st, 2nd and 3rd generation photovoltaics

– Semiconductor properties for PV, direct vs. indirect bandgaps, carrier recombination and generation mechanisms, carrier transport equations. pn homojunctions: photocurrent and    spectral response, non-idealises and real p-n diodes under illumination

– Solar cell parameters: efficiency calculations (EFF, Voc, Jsc, FF) for ideal cells, non-idealises: series resistance, shunt resistance, optical and electrical loss mechanisms

– Basics of solar cell device design, lateral and vertical design, optical versus electrical tradeoffs and optimisation

– Solar cell device modeling and simulation

Power conditioning and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms based on buck- and boost-converter topologies Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms, Inverter control topologies for standalone and grid connected operation. Analysis of inverter at fundamental frequency and at switching frequency. Feasible operating region of inverter at different power factor values for grid connected systems, Stand-alone PV systems. Consumer applications, residential systems, PV water pumping, PV powered lighting, rural electrification, etc., Grid-connected(utility interactive) PV systems. Active power filtering with real power injection, Modeling and simulation of complete stand-alone and grid connected PV systems

Prerequisite: departmental approval. Given when interest develops. Topics may include analysis and/or design of energy or mechanical systems of current interest to mechanical engineers

This will be specified by the project supervisor.

REN619                      Master Thesis

This will be specified by the project supervisor.

Structure–property inter-relationships – strengthening mechanisms –thermal and mechanical treatments (dislocation theory – hardening and thermo-mechanical treatment of steels and precipitation hardening of Al alloys) – all topics focusing on structure control. Composite materials types (PMC, MMC, CMC), matrices- reinforcement- processing techniques of nano structured materials and composites- concepts of nano-structured materials –processing methods, materials and composites – (metals, polymers and ceramics) – multi-functional materials.

MAT 606        Advanced Materials for Energy Applications

Motivations for new materials for energy applications (higher efficiency, reduced costs – enhanced life times – lighter weights – reduced emissions – improved transmission, distribution and storage).Advanced materials for fossil fuel power plants – advanced materials for gas turbines and wind turbines – carbon capture transport and storage materials – advanced materials for hydrogen storage and transportation materials – materials for photovoltaics – materials for solar cells – materials for fuel cells – improved life management and reliability of materials. The course will be supported by necessary background in respective areas to cover needed basics in materials related topics. Fundamentals of materials for fusion and fission power plants

Methods Surface properties of materials – corrosion, friction and wear; introduction to surface engineering.Corrosion, its economic effect, environmental and metallurgical aspects – mechanisms of corrosion – Types of cells responsible for corrosion – thermodynamics of corrosion – forms of corrosion – corrosion Protection: coating, Inhibitors, cathodic protection, anodic protection – material selection for construction – design for corrosion resistance. Wear process, modes, and types. Wear measurement. Lubrication modes, types, applications. Metalworking fluids, solid lubricants, surface coating and surface treatments.

Ductile and brittle fracture – fast fracture and an introduction to fracture mechanics. Fatigue failure – high and low cycle fatigue, fatigue testing and lifetime predictions. Creep deformation and rupture. fracture mechanics – failure modes in engineering materials -failure analysis methods -nondestructive testing and evaluation – life estimation and materials selection for enhanced life. Failure modes, fault diagnosis, root cause analysis, failure analysis methods, nondestructive evaluation, fault diagnosis tree.

Review of statistics and hypothesis testing; Experiments of evaluation – Experiments of comparison – Experiments with single factors (ANOVA); factorial designs; fractional factorial; Fitting regression models; response surface methods and designs. Basic concepts and definitions. Theory of laser measurements. Ultra Sonic measurements – applications of 3D measurements. Techniques for measuring flow rate, temperature, pressure, fluid viscosity, level, etc…, testing of materials (tension, compression, bending, torsion and hardness). Introduction to computer-based data acquisition. Basic concepts of data analysis. Introduction to probability and statistics, random variables, probability distributions,hypothesis testing, goodness-of-fit. Uncertainty analysis.

Physical and mechanical properties of composite materials – Material models – Failure theories – Analysis of composite laminates and sandwich structures – Testing methods – nano-composites.

Relationships between polymer structure (chemical composition, molecular weight and flexibility, intermolecular order and bonding, super-molecular structure) and practical properties (processability, mechanical, acoustic, thermal, electrical, optical, and chemical) and applications. The preparation, characterisation, behavior and properties of polymer nano-composites-the major preparation routes – true thermodynamic compatibility in these systems.Case studies. of specific systems will serve as opportunities to gain deeper understanding, and the safety issues surrounding nano-particle handling will also be presented.

Formulation for beam elements, plates and shells – Modeling of Composites laminates -Material nonlinearities – Large deformations – Contact problems – Dynamic analysis.

Diffraction of x-rays by crystals – determination of crystal structures – X- ray methods –Electron microscopy: scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) – atomic force microscopy (AFM) – Applications. The course will be supported by laboratory sessions in professional labs.

Advanced casting techniques: foam casting, rheo-casting, squeeze casting, thixo-forming –new joining techniques: friction stir welding – advanced machining – thermo-mechanical treatments – powder metallurgy – modern composites and nano-composites manufacturing techniques. All topics focusing on structure control.

Prerequisite: departmental approval. Given when interest develops. Topics may include analysis and/or design of energy or mechanical systems of current interest to material’s engineer.

MAT 616      Research Project

To be proposed by academic advisor and approved by research committee. Results submitted by student in a research report.

MAT 617       Thesis

To be proposed by academic advisor and approved by research committee Results submitted by student in a research thesis.

STDC615             Sustainable Urban Planning & Infrastructure

Within the context of sustainable development; the content of this module will cover the issues related to justifications for planning activity, rational planning perspectives, planning and the market, ethical planning debates, upgrading strategies, site survey and appraisal, drainage,water supply, sustainable sanitation, access and paving, sustainable solid waste management operation and maintenance, sustainable power supply and lighting. The lectures and tutorials of the module works, students will be able to apply and elaborate the knowledge from their previous studies in the working field of Sustainable Urban Planning & Infrastructure.

STDC630                Structural Reliability

– Uncertainty and Random Variables
– Structural Analysis Incorporating Uncertainty
– Component and System failure modes
– Reliability of Structural Elements
– Reliability of Structural Systems
– Reliability-Based Design
– Models of Structural Loads and their combinations
– Fuzzy Set Theory & Fuzzy Logic

STDC631              Structural Control

– Motivation for Structural Control
-Classification of Structural Contro
-Passive Control
-Passive Control
-Active Control
-Hybrid/Semi-Active Control
-Sensor Technology
-Intelligent Control
-Applications of Structural Control

STDC632               Structural Health Monitoring

– Structural Health Monitoring Vs. Control
– Vibration-based Techniques
– Fiber-Optic Sensors
– Piezoelectric Sensors
– Capacitive Methods
– Applications of Structural Health Monitoring

STDC633              Retrofitting and Rehabilitation of RC Structures

– Retrofitting, rehabilitation and protection of RC.
– Sources and signs of RC defects in different elements.
– In situ retrofitting and rehabilitation programme.
– Different materials used in retrofitting, rehabilitation and protection.
– Different methods used in retrofitting, rehabilitation and protection.
– Design of repair retrofitting, and rehabilitation work

STDC634                 Structural Optimisation

– Design optimisation procedures.
– Formulation of a general nonlinear optimisation problem (design variables,objectives,constraints).
– Multi-objective optimisation.
– Viewing and interpretation of optimisation results.
– Sensitivity analysis. – Size & Shape optimisation.
– Probabilistic design optimisation.
– Optimisation in structural dynamics.
– Using approximations for fast re-analysis in structural dynamics.
– Advancements in seismic analysis and design where optimisation algorithms can be implemented.
– Implementation of optimisation algorithms in earthquakes engineering problems simulation issues for the accurate   Predication of seismic response of structures

STDC635                Optimisation of Substructures

– Sustainable geotechnical designs
– Limit state design.
– Load and resistance factors design
– LRFD calibration framework
– Serviceability limit state
– Resistance factors for deep foundations
– Resistance factors verification
– Sustainable foundations
– applications
– Sustainable retaining walls
– applications

STDC636               Constructability

Nature of the construction industry,constructability philosophy,Constructability concepts,Constructability review,Constructability and Sustainability, Benefits of Constructability Barriers to Constructability adoption,Integrating Constructability in design and construction.

STDC637                 Non-Destructive Testing

– Non Destructive Testing of construction materials and different structural elements.
– In situ NDT programme.
– Different methods used in NDT of structural elements; methodology, applications, advantages and disadvantages,and limitations.
– Evaluation and interpretation of NDT results

STDC638                   Advanced Composite Materials

– Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP) material
– Resins, Types of Thermoplastic, Thermo-set, Unsaturated polyester, Epoxy,Vinyl-ester,methods of production, setting of gelations, normal curing, elevated temperature curing, glass temperature, uses and applications.
– Fibers, Types of; Carbon; Glass; Aramid; methods of production; properties: mechanical;physical, chemical,etc. uses and applications fabrics.
– Design of FRP materials, Mechanical properties, rule of mixing, inverse rule of mixing,stress-strain relations.
– Methodology of production of FRP and ACM, advantages, disadvantages, materials, and products.
– The use of FRP in civil and architectural applications, Compare existing construction materials to FRP as a   construction material, and design of FRP as a strengthening and rehabilitation material for different structural   elements.

STDC639                  Advanced Analysis Techniques

– The Fundamental principles of digital computing and the implications for algorithm accuracy and stability, error    propagation and stability.
– The solution of systems of linear equations, including direct and iterative techniques.
– The Roots of equations and systems of equations.
– The Nnumerical interpolation.
– The differentiation and integration.
– The fundamentals of finite-difference solutions to ordinary differential equations.
– The error and convergence analysis

STDC642               Sustainable Water and Environmental Sanitation

Water, sanitation and well-being, sustainable water resources; environmental pollution, water quality, sustainable water safety plans and sanitary survey inspections, groundwater, open wells,boreholes and spring protection, water lifting, water storage, rainwater harvesting, surface water sources, water treatment, water distribution, drainage and sewerage systems, on-site sanitation sustainable wastewater treatment, sustainable solid waste management, hygiene practices and promotion.

STDC643               Building Information Modelling

– Building Information Models.
– Modelling Structural Elements.
– Modelling Architectural Elements.
– Modelling service and utility systems.
– Extracting a 3D model. – Introducing planning information. – Analysis & Design results. – Applications of Building Information Modelling

STDC644               Computer Algorithms for Engineering

– Data structures.
– Relational database representations of engineering data.
– Algorithms for the solution and optimisation of engineering system designs (greedy, dynamic programming, branch   and bound, graph algorithms, nonlinear optimisation).
– Introduction to complexity analysis.
– Efficient implementations of algorithms.
– Object-oriented software design and development.

STDC660              Sustainability & Heritage Value

Lectures are designed to provide students with advanced knowledge on sustainability and heritage value. That will discuss in details the heritage meaning, types, Materials,Characterisation and Methods of Analysis and Interpretation Sustainable Strategies, including Conservation and Use Project Planning, Management and Maintenance principals, approaches and its applications on the historical buildings.

STDC662               Lean Construction for Sustainability

Nature of the construction industry; Lean Theory; Lean Principles, Lean Construction, Lean Process Management, Benefits of Lean Construction, Barriers to Lean Construction adoption, Role of Lean Construction in achieving sustainability in construction, Integrating Lean Construction in design and construction firm

STDC663                Sustainable Landscape Architecture

The natural dynamics of ecosystems, Contemporary Landscape Theory, Landscape Perception, sustainable landscape construction, Planting Design Theory, Place – Identity and the Landscape, Advanced Landscape Ecology, Landscape Preservation, Landscape management, Design project.

STDC664                Sustainability in Contemporary Cities

The content of this module will cover topics related to Elements of Urban Form,Modernist City Design, Traditional City Design and the Modern City, Green City Design and Climate Change,the Intelligent City,Modelling Cities on Ecosystems, Economic Viability, Sense of Place, Public Participation, and Neighbourhood Design and Sustainable Lifestyles

STDC665                 Sustainable Urban Design

Lectures are designed to provide students with advanced knowledge on sustainability,Sustainable development; sustainable design brief, sustainable urban design, environmental architecture, sustainable cities and sustainable communities. Also, the lectures will explain the urban micro-climates and the urban heat island and their environmental impact on cities.

STDC666                 Climate and Comfort

Introduction to weather and climate, climate classification, units of heat and energy, temperature, sensible and latent heat capacity, and the psychrometric chart. Thermal comfort, personal variables, average ‘U’ values’ heat transfer, and ventilation heat loss.Concepts of solar analysis, annual sun path diagram and shading device design.Units of light, luminous flux, luminous intensity, inverse square law, cosine law,luminance. Visual comport. Artificial lighting, light output ratio, lumen design method,daylight factor, components of daylight factor, design of window shading devices.Fundamentals of Acoustics, external and internal sound propagation, noise, and theAcoustic design of internal spaces.

STDC668                 Project Management for Architects

Introduction to Project Management, the Construction Process, Project Organisation, Project Planning, Construction Scheduling, Estimating, Budgeting and Controlling Projects, TQM and structured problem solving, Motivation and Incentives, Health and safety in Construction and Project Communication.

STDC669                Strategic Management for Construction

This module will provide an introduction to Strategic Management within a construction context. This will involve Construction and its Business Environment, the External Environment, the Internal Organisation, Strategy Formation, Strategy Implementation, Strategies for International Construction, Strategic Leadership, Techniques for Strategic Planning, Continuous Improvements, ; Introduction to CSR and Cultural Considerations.

STDC670               Sustainability and Green Application

The twentieth century began with a flood of idealistic manifests from architects extolling the virtues of new building technologies to dematerialisation and the loss of weight.Rarely did prophetic designers foresee the negative effects of industrialisation. For the modernist pioneers, manufactured products were synonymous with liberty and unlimited opportunities. They never imagined the devastating consequences of these artefacts on global warming, declining resources, shrinking water supplies and overpopulation. A convincing argument for today would have to question everything the early theories extolled. Sustainable architecture and its various green applications is about this process.It advances architecture’s most compelling dialogue by confronting the environmental predictions for the coming decade. It is the architecture using building performance as a guiding design principle and adopting a new list of performance-based priorities for the design of cities, buildings,landscapes and infrastructures. This new kind of architecture places broadly defined performance above form-making; it utilizes the digital technologies of quantitative and qualitative performance-based simulation to offer a comprehensive new approach to the design of the built environment. Green technology is the key issue to avoid these doomsday scenarios. It shows us that when different ideas inspired by the science of ecology are used as a source of imagery, it expands not only the communicative power of the building art, but their social relevance as well. It is a new scenario in architecture that has to reshape our time. It is a major shift from technology to ecology. Our concern is how to reveal this hidden dimension to be a new reality and a new architectural start for the new millennium. It is a new architecture, designed by life and shaped by time. It is the marriage between: biology, ecology.Science, technology, architecture and structure. It represents the end of typology and there birth of morphology. The gene of a historical building with the gene a new morphology is the Secret DNA code for a new potential in contemporary architecture. Lectures are designed to provide students with advanced knowledge on Green Technologies: ideas, designs, concepts, trends, philosophies and finally case studies.Lectures will explain the influence of building performance and green issues (WindTurbines, Photo-Voltaic, Green Roofs and Walls, smog eating architecture and Bio mass…etc.) on the final building envelope.